cause n. 1.原因,起因;緣故,理由,根據(jù),動機。 2.【法律】訴訟事由;訴訟案件;訴訟程序。 3.事業(yè),事項,事件;(奮斗的)目標;問題。 4.主張,主義,目的,…運動。 the formal cause形式原因。 the immanent [transient] cause內[外]因。 the immediate [remote] cause近[遠]因。 the occasional cause偶因,機緣。 a cause for (complaint) (抱怨)的原因[理由]。 cause and effect 原因與結果,因果。 cause of (revolution) (革命)事業(yè)。 the temperance cause戒酒運動。 have cause for (joy) 有理由(高興),當然(高興),應當(高興)。 in the cause of 為…(而工作等)。 make common cause with 與…協(xié)力,與…合作,和…一致。 plead one's cause 辯護,分辯。 show cause 【法律】提出理由,說明所以然。 the first cause 【哲學】第一推動力;【宗教】造物主;上帝。 without (due) cause 無緣無故。 vt. 1.成為…的原因,惹起,引起,使發(fā)生。 2.使遭受,給…帶來,致使。 cause sb.'s ruin 致使某人身敗名裂。 be caused by 起因于,因…而起。 cause(sb.) to (do) 促使(人)(作)…。 cause(sth.) to be (done) 叫人(做)(某事、物)(He caused a house to be built. 他叫人蓋了一所房子)。
The insurance company will not entertain the claim if the risk covered is not the proximate cause of the loss 如果投保的險別不是造成損失的直接原因,保險公司不予賠償。
That is to say , even if the insured perils are proximate causes , the insurer will free from indemnifying the loss 還存在有失蹤船舶的特殊情況,一般視其近因為海上風險。
There are various different opinions about it , but among them , the principle of proximate cause is prevailed in law and practices in marine insurance 尤其是在保險業(yè)不斷發(fā)展之后,因果關系運用在該領域體現(xiàn)了一定的特殊性。
About the word " proxima " , there were 2 main opinions . one treated time as the standard to judge which was the proximate cause 近因理念最早產生于英美法之中,而明確將近因原則作為海上保險法的基本原則首見于英國1906年海上保險法( mia1906 ) 。
In this test , they advocated that judges should apply common acknowledge of people on the street , while trying to find the proximate cause in the complicated relations between causes and effects 英美法中關于近因原則的判定還提出了常識標準( commonsensetest ) ,本文也將有簡單介紹。
Proximate causes of mutiny may have been alcohol and anger , but the ultimate reason was evolutionarily adaptive emotions expressed nonadaptively , with irreversible consequences 反叛的表面原因似乎是酗酒和斗氣,但根本原因在于,進化形成的適應性情感做了非適應性表達,從而釀成不可收拾的后果。
Therefore , the following chapter mainly discusses the background of the principle of proximate cause , and its development . this principle originated from one proverb in ancient law , " causa proxima et non remota spectatur " 本文第二章將從近因的產生入手,結合經典案例詳述近因原則在海上保險法與實踐中的運用,這部分是文章的重點。
In french civil law , it contains two aspects of meaning : the first is the reason the parties make a contract , i . e . the proximate cause ; the second is the ultimate aim that the parties want to achieve through a contract , and it is called the remote cause of a contract 原因是大陸法系契約法中的術語。在法國,原因包含著兩層意思:一是當事人訂立合同的理由,即近因;二是當事人訂立合同所希望達到的最終目的,即遠因。
The judgments vary according to different judges . in this chapter , the author try to give general ideas about what should be considered when this principle is applied . about the criterion of proximate cause , judges in common law system suggested one " common sense test " 文章將區(qū)分幾種情況來介紹近因的判定過程,主要是損失原因單一、多種原因致?lián)p、多種原因相繼發(fā)生并互為因果關系、多種原因相繼發(fā)生并有新的介入因素等。
Then the latter intervene events take the place of the proceeding causes and become proximate cause . this point of view had been criticized for the reason that it might lead the judge to an old fashion , i . e . , to adopt the last event in the sequence of causation as the proximate cause 本文第一章將著重介紹兩大法系民法領域中關于因果關系的一些代表性觀點,如原因說、條件說、必然因果關系說、相當因果關系說等,以及在海上保險領域最具代表性的近因說。